This dataset was compiled as part of the Graphic User Interface for deep brain stimulation (DBS) Evaluation (GUIDE) study, a multicenter prospective pilot study designed to assess whether a computer-guided model could provide equally effective and more expeditious programming results when compared with the traditional, clinical deduced method of DBS programming of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). 26...

39 units of electrophysiological and behavioral recordings were obtained from a total of 8 human subjects aged 46 to 66 years old with Parkinson's disease who were undergoing implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes. The study examined neural activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in a series of trials that prompted single-step and multistep reaching movements. A stereoscopic camera recorded...

Dopamine is a critical modulator of brain circuits that control voluntary movements. However, its influence on the activity of target neurons in vivo remains limited. In this study, two-photon microscopy was used to monitor the activity of direct and indirect-pathway spiny projection neurons (SPNs) simultaneously in the striatum of behaving mice. The striatum mainly consists of two large populations...

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been involved in adjusting the decision bound to prevent impulsivity during difficult decisions. This study incorporated model-based and model-free approaches to assess that the STN raises the decision bound, a process impaired by deep brain stimulation (DBS). They recruited eight male and female human subjects that were being treated for Parkinson's disease with bilateral...

The Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a global project originating from University of Southern California which unites researchers across the fields of imaging genomics, neurology, and psychiatry to understand brain structure and function. ENIGMA consists of 50 active working groups which are organized into four major research cores: Genomics, Disease, Protocol...

Lysosomal dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). In early onset of AD, there is loss of Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) function. The loss of PSEN1 function impedes ER to lysosome delivery of chloride channel-7 (ClC-7). In murine blastocysts with different PSEN1 genotypes, isoproterenol and related β2-adrenergic agonists was used to reverse lysosomal...

Down syndrome (DS) is linked with mitochondrial dysfunction, which results in accumulation of damaged mitochondria. This study revealed that mitophagy, a form of selective autophagy activated to clear damaged mitochondria, is deficient in primary human fibroblasts derived from individuals with DS. This leads to accumulation of damaged mitochondria with consequent increases in oxidative stress. They...

To test a low-cost system for obtaining continuous quantitative measurements of movements of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), investigators attached accelerometers to the upper and lower extremities of twenty patients with Parkinson’s disease, one patient with multiple system atrophy (MSA) (participant 4), and eight age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) who performed twelve tasks modified...

32 raters certified in the administration of the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) were presented with two sets of 40 quizzes containing five representations of the ratings of participants with Parkinson's disease (PD) with single sessions for the scoring of (A) output signals and FFTs and (B) CWTs (Pilot Test and Retest). Each panel consisted of six images...

In this study, the researchers developed and tested a protocol to enable remote objective assessments of movement signals in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). 35 raters who completed training and certification in the use of the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) assessed a series of signals and their transforms that were generated in a prior project....